Epidemiologic and Genomic Characterization of an Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever Among Humans and Dairy Cattle in Northern Tanzania.
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Madut Deng B, Rubach Matthew P, Allan Kathryn J, Thomas Kate M, de Glanville William A, Halliday Jo E B, Costales Cristina, Carugati Manuela, Rolfe Robert J, Bonnewell John P, Maze Michael J, Mremi Alex R, Amsi Patrick T, Kalengo Nathaniel H, Lyamuya Furaha, Kinabo Grace D, Mbwasi Ronald, Kilonzo Kajiru G, Maro Venance P, Mmbaga Blandina T, Lwezaula Bingileki, Mosha Calvin, Marandu Annette, Kibona Tito J, Zhu Feng, Chawla Tanu, Chia Wan Ni, Anderson Danielle E, Wang Lin-Fa, Liu Jie, Houpt Eric R, Martines Roosecelis B, Zaki Sherif R, Leach Austin, Gibbons Aridth, Chiang Cheng-Feng, Patel Ketan, Klena John D, Cleaveland Sarah, Crump John A
Аннотация
METHODS: From September 2016 through May 2019, we conducted a prospective cohort study that enrolled febrile patients hospitalized at 2 hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania. Archived serum, plasma, or whole blood samples were retrospectively tested for RVFV by PCR. Human samples positive for RVFV were sequenced and compared to RVFV sequences obtained from cattle through a prospective livestock abortion study. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on complete RVFV genomes.
RESULTS: Among 656 human participants, we detected RVFV RNA in 4 (0.6%), including 1 death with hepatic necrosis and other end-organ damage at autopsy. Humans infected with RVFV were enrolled from June through August 2018, and all resided in or near urban areas. Phylogenetic analysis of human and cattle RVFV sequences demonstrated that most clustered to lineage B, a lineage previously described in East Africa. A lineage E strain clustering with lineages in Angola was also identified in cattle.
CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence that an apparently small RVFV outbreak among dairy cattle in northern Tanzania was associated with concurrent severe and fatal infections among humans. Our findings highlight the unidentified scale and diversity of interepizootic RVFV transmission, including near and within an urban area.