Effects of atmospheric cold plasma treatment mode on muscle quality and bacterial community of red shrimp during cold storage.

Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP), known for its safety, non-thermal processing, and energy efficiency, is especially effective for preserving perishable items such as seafood. However, excessive use of ACP may cause oxidation and sensory quality deterioration, which limits its application in the seafood industry. Thus, optimizing ACP treatment modes to balance sterilization efficiency with minimal oxidative effects is essential. This study aims to explore the impact of different ACP treatment modes (cyclical and one-time treatment) on the muscle quality and bacterial community of red shrimp during cold storage. The results indicated that on day 0 of storage, compared to the blank group and the one-time treatment group, the cyclical treatment significantly reduced the total viable count in red shrimp (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in centrifugal loss, cooking loss, textural properties, total sulfhydryl content, or Ca2+-ATPase activity (p > 0.05). By day 8, both ACP treatment modes significantly improved the protein quality of red shrimp. Compared with the one-time treatment, cyclical treatment reduced the abundance of Aliivibrio (57.24 %), Pseudoalteromonas (97.34 %), and Psychrobacter (59.07 %) in the bacterial community and delayed bacterial succession (especially Aliivibrio salmonicida, Psychrobacter cibarius, and Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens), slowing down the degradation of protein quality. Specifically, in the cyclical treatment group, cooking loss was reduced by 7.01 %, and improvements were observed in hardness, total sulfhydryl content, and Ca2+-ATPase activity, which increased by 8.93 %, 17.54 %, and 5.63 %, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates that the ACP cyclical treatment mode has greater potential in preserving the freshness of seafood.