Retrospect and prospect: reproductive technologies in beef cattle.

The cattle industry is critical for agriculture's development, and reproductive technology has revolutionized its development over the past century. The core task of developing the beef cattle industry is to increase quantity and improve quality, which cannot be separated from the key link of reproduction. It involves artificial insemination (AI), semen collection and freezing, multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET), and genome editing. Each technology greatly contributed to the industry's development at the time. In this review, we systematically summarize the development process of beef cattle breeding technology and provide reasonable suggestions for the needs of enterprises and individual breeders of different scales. Additionally, we summarize the contributions of these technologies to industry development and their impact on cattle farming today. Scientific feeding methods combined with current reproductive technology can fully realize the production potential of beef cattle and improve economic benefits, which has positive significance for expanding the beef cattle industry scale and promoting sustainable cattle industry development.