Advanced insemination techniques in mares.

Advanced artificial insemination techniques, such as deep uterine,hysteroscopic, oviductal, and intrafollicular insemination, are described in the context of the different types of spermatozoa that are now available for insemination, including fresh, chilled, frozen,sex-sorted, and epididymal spermatozoa. The implementation of these new technologies answers and poses questions about the interactions of sperm and oocytes in vivo.