Journal of experimental child psychology · 2025
How fathers and mothers make their children laugh: Associations with the security of parent-child attachment relationships.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Schmiedel Sabrina, Bureau Jean-François, Turgeon Jessica, Deneault Audrey-Ann, Gauthier Ariane J
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Bowlby (1969/1982) described an infant's smile and pleasant vocalizations as attachment behaviors. However, most research on the formation of attachment relationships centers on the role of the caregiver's response to child distress, neglecting the role of behaviors that promote proximity in a positive context. This study aimed to 1) explore fathers' and mothers' laughter-eliciting behaviors and children's laughter using a newly developed coding instrument and 2) explore associations between these behaviors, children's laughter, and child attachment security.
DESIGN: A sample of 144 English- and French-speaking families, with 3- to 5-year-old children, participated in a Laughing Task and a separation-reunion procedure.
RESULTS: Distinct but similar factorial structures emerged for mothers and fathers, both including a Touch and a Movement/Sound factor. Parental strategies were significantly associated with preschoolers' laughter with both mothers and fathers. The path analysis results indicated that both laughter-eliciting strategies used by fathers were positively associated with children's laughter which was also positively associated with child attachment security. As for mother-child dyads, only the Touch factor was significantly associated with children's laughter. Furthermore, child attachment security was not associated with children's laughter, but was significantly associated with the Movement/Sound factor.
CONCLUSIONS: Although fathers and mothers tend to use comparable strategies with similar success in making children laugh, the significance of this relational dynamic may differ in its contribution to the development of attachment security within parent-child dyads.
DESIGN: A sample of 144 English- and French-speaking families, with 3- to 5-year-old children, participated in a Laughing Task and a separation-reunion procedure.
RESULTS: Distinct but similar factorial structures emerged for mothers and fathers, both including a Touch and a Movement/Sound factor. Parental strategies were significantly associated with preschoolers' laughter with both mothers and fathers. The path analysis results indicated that both laughter-eliciting strategies used by fathers were positively associated with children's laughter which was also positively associated with child attachment security. As for mother-child dyads, only the Touch factor was significantly associated with children's laughter. Furthermore, child attachment security was not associated with children's laughter, but was significantly associated with the Movement/Sound factor.
CONCLUSIONS: Although fathers and mothers tend to use comparable strategies with similar success in making children laugh, the significance of this relational dynamic may differ in its contribution to the development of attachment security within parent-child dyads.