[Niños con mordeduras de animales hospitalizados en un centro de referencia de Uruguay].

BACKGROUND

Animal bites are a health problem that can produce lesions of varying severity, with the risk of aesthetic and functional sequelae and infectious complications. The objective of the study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological, treatment and complications of lesions caused by animal bites in children hospitalized in a reference center in Uruguay.

METHOD: Descriptive, retrospective study. All children hospitalized for animal bites between 2014 and 2017 were included. Medical records were reviewed and data, such as the animal involved, injuries, treatments, complications, and if the case was notified to the Ministry of Health, were recorded.

RESULTS

A total of 106 children were hospitalized, with a mean age 4.5 years. The animals involved were dogs (80.2%), rodents (8.5%), arachnids (4.7%), and others (6.5%). The majority of the lesions were superficial (80.2%), and 91.5% of the cases were hospitalized in moderate care. The treatments were hygiene (96.2%), suture (70.8%), and antibiotic prophylaxis (81.1%). There were complications in 77.4% of the cases. In three cases, the isolation of the most frequent etiological agent was possible: Streptococcus pyogenes. Notification to the Ministry of Health occurred in 20.7% of the cases. No lethality was recorded.

CONCLUSIONS

A total of 106 children were hospitalized due to animal bites. The most affected were males under 5 years old. Most of them were bitten at home or nearby. Dogs and rodents were the most involved animals. There were predominantly head and limb lesions, mostly mild and superficial. Complications occurred in 77.4% of cases, mainly infectious and aesthetic-functional.