Presence of Lassa Virus RNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid Indicating Neuroinvasive Lassa Fever in Pediatric Patients From Edo State, Nigeria.
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Müller Hannah Caroline Sophie, Erameh Cyril Oshomah, Okoeguale Joseph, Ileli Sheila Ojor, Onyeke Imonifome Frank, Adetunji Adewale Elijah, Akerele Lilian Omoyemen, Esumeh Rita, Ohomoime Ebo Benevolence, Hinrichs Mette, Müller Jonas, Aiterebhe Ujiagbe Moses, Ekuma Christiana Ngozi, Ugadu Chukwuemeka Ogbuinya, Onyerikam Ifeanyi Henry, Idialu-Eigbobo Juliet Oemhenze, Apeleokha Matthew, Ehiaghe Ehisuan, Edeawe Osahogie Isaac, Iraoyah Kelly Ohis, Hoffmann Chris, Adomeh Donatus, Olokor Thomas, Odia Ikponmwosa, Asogun Danny, Okogbenin Sylvanus, Ogbaini-Emovon Ephraim, Eifediyi Reuben, Günther Stephan, Pahlmann Meike, Ramharter Michael, Oestereich Lisa, Omansen Till, Akpede George
Аннотация
METHODS: We retrospectively screened the database of the LF diagnostic unit at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital in Nigeria for patients with suspected or confirmed LF who underwent lumbar puncture as part of their routine clinical management due to CNS symptoms and had CSF samples tested by LASV reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
RESULTS: RT-PCR results for CSF were available for 153 patients, all children. LF was confirmed in 49 of 153 (32%) patients, of whom 42 (86%) were LASV RNA positive in CSF. Of the 42 patients, 33 (79%) were LASV RNA positive in CSF and plasma, whereas 9 (21%) patients were positive in CSF only. The CSF-positive LF patients had a median age of 10.5 years. Sample pairs of CSF and plasma taken within a day of each other on admission were available for 26 patients, of whom 23 (88%) had higher LASV RNA concentration in CSF compared to plasma (cycle threshold, 28.2 vs 36.7, respectively; P < .00001).
CONCLUSIONS: LASV is frequently detected in CSF of pediatric LF patients with neurological symptoms. The virus load in CSF is usually higher than in plasma, indicating a neuroinvasive infection with active virus replication in CNS. Our findings have implications for clinical management of LF patients and drug development for LF.