Positive Psychology Interventions and Cardiovascular Health: Frequency and Duration to Sustain Cardiovascular Benefits.

This narrative article examines the role of positive psychological interventions, including mindfulness-based approaches, in cardiovascular health, with a focus on clarifying optimal frequency and duration of delivery. Evidence from 18 randomized trials, supplemented by single arm and meta-analyses, is synthesized, showing consistent improvements in risk factors, health behaviors, and medication adherence, though long-term outcomes remain uncertain. Interventions reviewed include gratitude journaling, optimism training, and mindfulness programs delivered in person, hybrid, or digital formats over 6 to 12 weeks. However, there remains a need for research on standardized dosing, diverse populations, and scalable delivery models.