Zeitschrift fur Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualitat im Gesundheitswesen · 2026
[Health conditions of elementary school pupils in socio-spatially selected schools in the federal state of Bremen].
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Kühne Lisa, Mamontova Tatiana, Quante-Brandt Eva
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: The public health department can address inequalities through social space-oriented health promotion when findings from health reporting, social monitoring, and other healthcare data are combined. In the federal state of Bremen, school nurses are employed at elementary schools which are prioritized according to the social index and the results of school entry examinations. This article describes the health conditions of the target group of children addressed by school nurses by offering health promoting interventions.
METHODS: Selected data from school entry examinations and the AOK health insurance fund in Bremen/Bremerhaven were processed anonymously. The sample includes children who started school between 2018 and 2022 in schools supervised by health professionals, as well as AOK policyholders aged 6 to 11 in the school years 2018/2019 up to 2021/22 living in the catchment areas of these elementary schools. Physical development is presented over time and in subgroups.
RESULTS: On average, 1,135 preschoolers and 5,008 elementary school pupils per school year were included. At the school entry examinations, 20% of the children were overweight. This proportion increased at the start of the 2021 school year before returning to normal in the following year. Compared to girls, boys are more likely to experience difficulties with body coordination when they start school (n = 4,190; chi-square = 39.3839), and are more likely to require speech therapy (IRR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.71-2.95) and occupational therapy (IRR = 4.39; 95% CI: 2.87-6.72) later on. At elementary school age, diagnoses of behavioral and emotional disorders were twice as common in boys than in girls (IRR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.92-2.06) and were found twice as often in children with German nationality than in children of other nationalities (IRR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.94-2.10).
DISCUSSION: The health data indicate the specific needs of children in the selected elementary schools. School nurses promote healthy behavior in the school setting and can also act as guides in the healthcare system, helping families to identify abnormalities early on and, if necessary, seek appropriate treatment. School nurses support children in growing up healthy and thus aim to achieve health equity in the federal state of Bremen in the long term.
METHODS: Selected data from school entry examinations and the AOK health insurance fund in Bremen/Bremerhaven were processed anonymously. The sample includes children who started school between 2018 and 2022 in schools supervised by health professionals, as well as AOK policyholders aged 6 to 11 in the school years 2018/2019 up to 2021/22 living in the catchment areas of these elementary schools. Physical development is presented over time and in subgroups.
RESULTS: On average, 1,135 preschoolers and 5,008 elementary school pupils per school year were included. At the school entry examinations, 20% of the children were overweight. This proportion increased at the start of the 2021 school year before returning to normal in the following year. Compared to girls, boys are more likely to experience difficulties with body coordination when they start school (n = 4,190; chi-square = 39.3839), and are more likely to require speech therapy (IRR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.71-2.95) and occupational therapy (IRR = 4.39; 95% CI: 2.87-6.72) later on. At elementary school age, diagnoses of behavioral and emotional disorders were twice as common in boys than in girls (IRR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.92-2.06) and were found twice as often in children with German nationality than in children of other nationalities (IRR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.94-2.10).
DISCUSSION: The health data indicate the specific needs of children in the selected elementary schools. School nurses promote healthy behavior in the school setting and can also act as guides in the healthcare system, helping families to identify abnormalities early on and, if necessary, seek appropriate treatment. School nurses support children in growing up healthy and thus aim to achieve health equity in the federal state of Bremen in the long term.