Developing a skill-based intervention to address social health needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer: an ORBIT Phase 1 Study.

BACKGROUND

Few interventions have improved social health of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Following the obesity-related behavioral intervention trials model, we developed a skill-based social needs module for integration within the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management (PRISM)  behavioral intervention.

METHODS

The social needs module targeting social relationship coping efficacy included behavioral skills adapted to AYAs. The module was refined through 2 separate pilot studies. For Study 1, AYAs 12-24 years old completed the module and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability, appropriateness, understandability, and informed content revisions. For Study 2, AYAs completed PRISM plus the social needs module (PRISM + Social Needs) and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability of program and session length, timing, and format.

RESULTS

For Study 1, 6 AYAs completed the initial module focused on identifying and seeking support (mean age = 16 years); most found content acceptable and appropriate (4/6) but suggested adding skills for maintaining social connections and managing cancer-related conversations. Seven AYAs completed the revised module and interview (M = 16 years old); most found content acceptable (6/7) and appropriate (7/7) and suggestions were minimal. For Study 2, 7 AYAs completed the revised full program (M = 16 years old). Most were satisfied with program length (4/7) and duration (7/7); preferred in-person over virtual delivery (6/7); and wanted PRISM + Social Needs early in treatment (5/7).

CONCLUSIONS

A skill-based social needs module may be acceptable, appropriate, and promising for AYAs. The PRISM + Social Needs intervention may be best delivered in-person and early in treatment, suggesting AYAs value face-to-face connection. Findings inform subsequent proof-of-concept studies.