Postpandemic Trends in Pediatric Respiratory Virus Hospitalizations: A Multicenter Study, 2019-2025.
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Attaianese Federica, Campani Silvia, Trapani Sandra, Alberti Ilaria, Aricò Maurizio, Attanasi Marina, Bertolucci Giulia, Bressan Silvia, Caselli Désirée, Casotto Veronica, Cazzato Salvatore, Chiarelli Francesco, Felici Enrico, Frusciante Anna, Galeone Maria Antonia, Garazzino Silvia, Giannattasio Antonietta, Gitto Eloisa, Guerriero Antonio, Guida Fiorentina, Iudica Giovanna, Lanari Marcello, Mandato Claudia, Manzini Alice, Martelli Gaia, Milani Gregorio Paolo, Moriondo Maria, Notarangelo Lucia Dora, Nunziata Felice, Pellegrino Roberta, Peroni Diego, Piccotti Emanuela, Ponticiello Eduardo, Ricci Silvia, Rulli Immacolata, Savoia Fabio, Silvestro Erika, Sisto Antonella, Soro Federica, Tonetto Stefania, Zago Alessandro, Dani Carlo, Azzari Chiara, Indolfi Giuseppe
Аннотация
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study across 16 pediatric hospitals in Italy. Hospitalizations of children younger than 18 years with RSV, influenza, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus infection, or bronchiolitis of unspecified viral etiology were identified from January 2019 to March 2025 using ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes. Annual and monthly hospitalization rates per 100,000 children were calculated using national demographic data. Temporal trends were assessed across six consecutive seasons.
RESULTS: Overall, 23,981 hospitalizations were recorded. RSV was the most frequent pathogen (42.5%), followed by influenza (18.6%), adenovirus (9.9%), and rhinovirus (7.3%). Hospitalizations declined sharply in 2020 and subsequently increased, peaking in 2024 (n = 4903; +30.8% vs. 2022). During the 2024-2025 season, total admissions decreased by 17.2% compared with 2023-2024 (3390 vs. 4095), mainly due to a marked reduction in RSV-related hospitalizations (-41.6%, 1230 vs. 2107), with modest increases in influenza-, adenovirus-, and rhinovirus-associated admissions.
CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide analysis describes postpandemic trends in pediatric respiratory virus hospitalizations in Italy, highlighting changing pathogen-specific patterns and the need for continued viral surveillance.