Complementary therapies in medicine · 2026
Roles and engagement levels of caregivers during dyadic Tai Chi interventions: A scoping review.
СтатьяScoping ReviewНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Zhang Yan, Ngai Fei Wan, Liang Jingbo, Yang Qingling, Zhao Menglu, Wei Lili, Xie Yao Jie
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dyadic Tai Chi interventions are increasingly employed for care recipient-caregiver dyads, improving safety, benefits, and interpersonal connections. However, research shows considerable heterogeneity in defining and implementing caregiver roles and engagement, highlighting the need for clearer standards to support evidence-based practice.
OBJECTIVE: To review and clarify the roles and engagement levels of caregivers during dyadic Tai Chi interventions.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework and reported per PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Systematic search was performed across nine databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WanFang).
RESULTS: Of the 20 articles included, more than one third (35%, n = 7) failed to define caregivers or specify inclusion criteria. Where specified, criteria commonly included age restrictions, active caregiving roles, cognitive competence, cohabitation/frequent contact, and primary family caregiver status. Family caregivers were the most common type (70%, n = 14), followed by unpaid (20%, n = 4) and paid caregivers (10%, n = 2). Their roles varied substantially, including active co-designing practice regimens, monitoring adherence and ensuring safety, and assisting with data collection. Key attributes of dyadic Tai Chi interventions included the mode of task execution (dyadic co-execution), varying caregiver engagement (passive presence, parallel engagement, and interactive engagement), and target populations: care recipients (55%, n = 11), dyads (40%, n = 8), and caregivers only (5%, n = 1).
CONCLUSION: The findings clarify caregivers' roles and engagement levels during dyadic Tai Chi interventions. The observed heterogeneity highlights the complexity and dynamic attributes, indicating a greater standardization in future research.
OBJECTIVE: To review and clarify the roles and engagement levels of caregivers during dyadic Tai Chi interventions.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework and reported per PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Systematic search was performed across nine databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WanFang).
RESULTS: Of the 20 articles included, more than one third (35%, n = 7) failed to define caregivers or specify inclusion criteria. Where specified, criteria commonly included age restrictions, active caregiving roles, cognitive competence, cohabitation/frequent contact, and primary family caregiver status. Family caregivers were the most common type (70%, n = 14), followed by unpaid (20%, n = 4) and paid caregivers (10%, n = 2). Their roles varied substantially, including active co-designing practice regimens, monitoring adherence and ensuring safety, and assisting with data collection. Key attributes of dyadic Tai Chi interventions included the mode of task execution (dyadic co-execution), varying caregiver engagement (passive presence, parallel engagement, and interactive engagement), and target populations: care recipients (55%, n = 11), dyads (40%, n = 8), and caregivers only (5%, n = 1).
CONCLUSION: The findings clarify caregivers' roles and engagement levels during dyadic Tai Chi interventions. The observed heterogeneity highlights the complexity and dynamic attributes, indicating a greater standardization in future research.