Prevalence of diarrhoeal cases and deaths associated with food-borne illnesses in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION

Foodborne illnesses are infections or intoxications caused by consuming contaminated food or beverages. This study aims to find the prevalence of diarrheal cases and deaths associated with food-borne illnesses in India.

METHODOLOGY: A Search was performed on PubMed and other platforms from 2011 to 2022. Sensitivity and quality analyses were also performed. The pooled prevalence was reported with effect sizes, considering the random-effects and quality-effects models. A subgroup analysis was also performed based on the regions and age groups.

RESULTS

The prevalence of diarrheal cases due to foodborne illnesses in India was 18%. The prevalence was 22% in the North Eastern region, 20% in the Eastern region, 18% in the Southern region, 16% in the Western region, and 13% in the Northern region. Among the age groups, prevalence was 34% for 5-10 years, 22% for under 5, 13% for 20-60 years, 14% for 10-19 years, and 10% for more than 60 years.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of diarrhea is still on the higher side in India. Although programs like Intensified Diarrhea Control Fortnight are running, interventions and awareness, ensuring intake of safe food and water are necessary.