Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals · 2017
Quantification of cotinine in dried blood spots as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke.
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Ladror Daniel, Pitt Bruce, Funk William
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: We present an ultra-sensitive, minimally-invasive method for quantifying cotinine in dried blood spot (DBS) samples as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke that can be collected using a simple heel or finger prick to obtain blood samples.
METHODS: Cotinine levels were measured in matched plasma and reconstituted DBS samples from smokers and nonsmokers to evaluate assay parameters. In addition, we applied this new method to finger-prick DBS samples that were collected from infants, children and young adults ages 1-21 to estimate exposure to tobacco smoke. Partitioning of cotinine across red blood cells and haematocrit effects were investigated.
RESULTS: Cotinine levels measured in matched plasma and reconstituted DBS samples from smokers and nonsmokers were found to be highly correlated (R2=0.94), with 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity to differentiate reported smokers from nonsmokers. With this method, the LOQ is <0.25 ng/mL using a single 3.2 mm punch of a DBS, and haematocrit effects are negligible.
CONCLUSIONS: This sensitive, high-throughput and minimally-invasive method for quantifying cotinine in DBS samples provides a simple and cost effective means for estimating exposure to tobacco smoke in population based studies, and has particular advantages in studies involving infants and children.
METHODS: Cotinine levels were measured in matched plasma and reconstituted DBS samples from smokers and nonsmokers to evaluate assay parameters. In addition, we applied this new method to finger-prick DBS samples that were collected from infants, children and young adults ages 1-21 to estimate exposure to tobacco smoke. Partitioning of cotinine across red blood cells and haematocrit effects were investigated.
RESULTS: Cotinine levels measured in matched plasma and reconstituted DBS samples from smokers and nonsmokers were found to be highly correlated (R2=0.94), with 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity to differentiate reported smokers from nonsmokers. With this method, the LOQ is <0.25 ng/mL using a single 3.2 mm punch of a DBS, and haematocrit effects are negligible.
CONCLUSIONS: This sensitive, high-throughput and minimally-invasive method for quantifying cotinine in DBS samples provides a simple and cost effective means for estimating exposure to tobacco smoke in population based studies, and has particular advantages in studies involving infants and children.