International journal of epidemiology · 2026
Life-course trajectories of cardiovascular disease risk factors in rural India: Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study (APCAPS) 2003-2023.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Sharma Chitra, Goncalves Soares Ana, Kulkarni Bharati, Byrne Nuala M, Bhogadi Santhi, Mallinson Poppy Alice Carson, Lieber Judith, Rameshwar Sarma Kramadhati V, Radha Krishna Kankipati V, Kuper Hannah, Gupta Ruby, Prabhakaran Poornima, Gupta Vipin, Walia Gagandeep Kaur, Aggarwal Aastha, Banjara Santosh Kumar, Mahajan Hemant, Kinra Sanjay, Ahuja Kiran D K, Hills Andrew P
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years in South Asia, with adverse trends in CVD risk seen in rural residents in recent decades. Assessment of life-course trajectories of CVD risk factors is important to understand CVD aetiology.
METHODS: The Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents cohort Study included all children (n = 2601) born during 1987-90 and their mothers (n = 1963) residing in 29 villages of South India. Participants were followed up in 2003-05, 2009-10, 2010-12, and 2021-23. Children (n = 4777 observations, 35% female) were assessed for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, fasting glucose, and central and peripheral skinfolds. For mothers (n = 3830 observations), repeated measures of BMI were available. Linear mixed-effect models with a random slope were used to model trajectories of CVD risk factors.
RESULTS: BMI increased with age and the predicted mean BMI reached the World Health Organization's increased risk action point for adult South Asians (≥23 kg/m2) at 28 years for male and 31 years for female children, while, for mothers, it was much later at 43-65 years. In male children compared with females, there was a faster progression to prediabetes, higher abdominal fat deposition, and a higher rate of increase in subscapular skinfolds.
CONCLUSION: South Asians living in rural areas showed increasing trajectories of several CVD risk factors, particularly in males. This highlights the need for interventions to mitigate the potential CVD burden.
METHODS: The Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents cohort Study included all children (n = 2601) born during 1987-90 and their mothers (n = 1963) residing in 29 villages of South India. Participants were followed up in 2003-05, 2009-10, 2010-12, and 2021-23. Children (n = 4777 observations, 35% female) were assessed for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, fasting glucose, and central and peripheral skinfolds. For mothers (n = 3830 observations), repeated measures of BMI were available. Linear mixed-effect models with a random slope were used to model trajectories of CVD risk factors.
RESULTS: BMI increased with age and the predicted mean BMI reached the World Health Organization's increased risk action point for adult South Asians (≥23 kg/m2) at 28 years for male and 31 years for female children, while, for mothers, it was much later at 43-65 years. In male children compared with females, there was a faster progression to prediabetes, higher abdominal fat deposition, and a higher rate of increase in subscapular skinfolds.
CONCLUSION: South Asians living in rural areas showed increasing trajectories of several CVD risk factors, particularly in males. This highlights the need for interventions to mitigate the potential CVD burden.