Factors contributing to the persistence of undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in Rwanda: a community participatory qualitative study.

BACKGROUND

Undernutrition remains a significant global health challenge, particularly among children <5 years of age. Despite efforts to combat this issue, millions of children worldwide, especially in low-income countries such as Rwanda, continue to suffer from undernutrition, which adversely affects their health, growth, and development.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore and analyse the factors contributing to the persistence of undernutrition among children <5 years of age in Rwanda that are not adequately addressed by existing community interventions.

METHODS

A participatory research design with the open-space meeting method was used to collect the primary data. Eight open-space meetings were conducted in two selected districts in the Northern Province of Rwanda. A total of 194 participants, including community health workers, parents/caregivers, and healthcare professionals, participated in discussions. Thematic analysis using Atlas.ti software was used to analyse the qualitative data.

RESULTS

The findings revealed a complex interplay of factors contributing to the persistence of undernutrition among children <5 years of age in Rwanda. Key factors identified included conflicts among parents, limited involvement of male parents in childcare, the mental health status of children, inexperienced home caregivers, and inadequate family planning practices.

CONCLUSION

Despite concerted efforts by governmental and non-governmental organizations, undernutrition among children <5 years of age remains a pressing issue in Rwanda. This study highlights specific household-related factors not adequately targeted by existing interventions and proposes potential strategies to address them effectively, aiming to reduce undernutrition among children <5 years in Rwanda.