[Effects of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen-specific immunotherapy on Blomia tropicalis-specific antibody levels and synergistic effects in children].

This study investigated the cross-immunomodulatory effects of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) on serum antibody levels against Blomia tropicalis (Blo t) allergens. A prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to October 2017 at the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Thirty-six children with Der p-monosensitized or predominantly sensitized asthma (AS) and allergic rhinitis (AR) were enrolled. The patients aged 5-16 years, with a median age of 8.5 years and a mean age of (8.46±2.82) years. All patients received standardized Der p allergen sublingual/subcutaneous immunotherapy. Serum specific IgE (sIgE), specific IgG4 (sIgG4), and total IgE (tIgE) levels were measured using ImmunoCAP at baseline (0 year, 0Y) and after 3 years of treatment (3Y). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Our results showed that after 3 years of AIT treatment compared with baseline, Der p sIgG4 levels significantly increased from 0.37 (0.20, 0.65) IU/ml to 12.50 (7.24, 18.45) IU/ml (Z=-5.241, P<0.001), while Blo t sIgG4 levels also significantly increased from 0.09 (0.05, 0.19) IU/ml to 0.38 (0.17, 0.76) IU/ml (Z=-4.982, P<0.001). Optimal scaling analysis demonstrated significantly enhanced correlation between Der p and Blo t antibodies (Cronbach's α=0.94). In conclusion, Der p AIT may induce Blo t sIgG4 production through cross-immune reactions, providing potential evidence for understanding the cross-immunomodulatory mechanisms of AIT.