Rutin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier dysfunction.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a pivotal role in safeguarding and sustaining the brain's microenvironment. Disruption of this barrier is commonly observed in various neurological disorders and is intricately linked with neuroinflammation. Rutin, a natural flavonoid known for its diverse biological activities, has showed protective effects against neuroinflammation. However, its anti-neuroinflammation role and potential to preserve the integrity of the BBB has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of rutin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and BBB dysfunction. The results showed that rutin pretreatment effectively mitigated LPS-induced BBB disruption and inflammatory changes in the mice brain. Mechanistically, rutin inhibited LPS-induced microglial activation and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines primarily via the caspase-mediated non-canonical inflammatory signaling pathway. These findings highlight rutin as a promising therapeutic candidate for alleviating neuroinflammation related neurological disorders.