The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025
Identification of Natural Remission of Mother-to-Child Retroviral Transmission.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Grover Poonam, Murata Megumi, Kidiga Maureen, Hayashi Sakura, Ode Hirotaka, Iwatani Yasumasa, Morimoto Mayumi, Natsume Takayoshi, Kaneko Akihisa, Yasunaga Jun-Ichirou, Matsuoka Masao, Kuramitsu Madoka, Seki Yohei, Mizukami Takuo, Akari Hirofumi
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous remission once a retroviral infection has been established does not occur and infection persists lifelong.
METHODS: Stored blood samples obtained from simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1)-infected Japanese macaque (JM; Macaca fuscata) mothers and their offspring during long-term follow-up as well as periodic health checkups were analyzed for proviral DNA levels, anti-STLV-1 antibody titer, DNA sequence, and viral clonality in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
RESULTS: We found spontaneous remission after the establishment of retrovirus mother-to-child transmission (MTCT); 3 JM infants were positive for the provirus at 5 and 8 months of age; however, no evidence of persistent STLV-1 infection was found in any of these infants thereafter up to 3 years of age. The viral env sequencing showed the presence of signature nucleotide polymorphisms, which were identical between each mother and infant but not others, suggesting STLV-1 MTCT. STLV-1-infected cells were capable of viral transmission and were composed of a heterogeneous population of clones, which were completely replaced between 5 and 8 months of age, suggesting the possibility of ongoing de novo infection from mother to infant cells. Furthermore, a retrospective study showed that 8 of 38 infants born to STLV-1-infected mothers developed transient infection comparable to the cases above.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate for the first time that spontaneous remission can occur after the establishment of retroviral MTCT. Our results unveil the unique dynamics of retroviral infection during MTCT.
METHODS: Stored blood samples obtained from simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1)-infected Japanese macaque (JM; Macaca fuscata) mothers and their offspring during long-term follow-up as well as periodic health checkups were analyzed for proviral DNA levels, anti-STLV-1 antibody titer, DNA sequence, and viral clonality in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
RESULTS: We found spontaneous remission after the establishment of retrovirus mother-to-child transmission (MTCT); 3 JM infants were positive for the provirus at 5 and 8 months of age; however, no evidence of persistent STLV-1 infection was found in any of these infants thereafter up to 3 years of age. The viral env sequencing showed the presence of signature nucleotide polymorphisms, which were identical between each mother and infant but not others, suggesting STLV-1 MTCT. STLV-1-infected cells were capable of viral transmission and were composed of a heterogeneous population of clones, which were completely replaced between 5 and 8 months of age, suggesting the possibility of ongoing de novo infection from mother to infant cells. Furthermore, a retrospective study showed that 8 of 38 infants born to STLV-1-infected mothers developed transient infection comparable to the cases above.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate for the first time that spontaneous remission can occur after the establishment of retroviral MTCT. Our results unveil the unique dynamics of retroviral infection during MTCT.