Patient-reported outcomes following treatment of peri‑implant disease: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES

Despite many studies on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in peri‑implantitis treatment, a comprehensive review is lacking. This systematic analysis aimed to evaluate PROs after surgical and nonsurgical treatments, with a focus on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

METHODS

This systematic review followed PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, using the PICO framework to define eligibility: adults (≥18) needing peri‑implantitis treatment (non-surgical or surgical) with outcomes on patient satisfaction, quality of life, or other PROs. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024585132).

SOURCES: Systematic search was conducted in Cochrane Library, OVID Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, and complemented by manual search.

STUDY SELECTION: Of the 5339 publications identified, 1674 titles and abstracts were screened, resulting in 25 full-text reviews. After resolving disagreements, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. No significant differences were observed in the PROs before and after the nonsurgical treatments. Long-term PROs assessments (≥12 months) showed no significant differences among different surgical procedures. However, in the short term, three studies found that patients who received guided bone regeneration (GBR) experienced significantly higher pain and discomfort than did the controls (p < 0.05). In addition, one study reported a significant association between background characteristics (sex and employment) and the level of pain/discomfort following surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

No significant differences in PROs were found between non-surgical and long-term surgical treatments before and after intervention. However, short-term data showed more pain with resorbable membranes in GBR procedures. The absence of validated PROMs for peri‑implantitis highlights the need for better tools to capture patient preferences.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the variability in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) following nonsurgical and surgical periodontal treatments. While long-term outcomes showed no significant differences, short-term results suggest greater pain and discomfort with GBR surgery using resorbable membranes. Understanding these differences can help clinicians optimize treatment planning and patient counseling.