Retained primitive reflexes in children, clinical implications and targeted home-based interventions.

Although only around 20% of individuals with idiopathic generalized epilepsy are drug-resistant, this minority presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to the limited number of approved medications for this condition. For absence seizures, only valproic acid and ethosuximide are approved by both the U.S. Food and Drug administration and the European Medicines Agency, with lamotrigine additionally approved by the European Medicines Agency. Evidence supporting the use of levetiracetam in this seizure type is limited, and brivaracetam has not yet been approved for generalized epilepsy. We report two cases of juvenile absence epilepsy in women with incomplete response and intolerance to first-line treatments, who demonstrated marked clinical improvement following treatment with brivaracetam.