[Familial idiopathic paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia: its natural history and a descriptive study in three Spanish families].

INTRODUCTION

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a disorder that is characterised by brief episodes of involuntary movements triggered by other sudden movements.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

Here we describe the cases of nine patients from three unrelated families who had PKD in its familial idiopathic form.

RESULTS

The majority of the patients (77.7%) were males. The mean age at onset was 10.3 years. All the subjects presented sudden movements as factors that precipitated the crises, which lasted < 10 s in 88.8% of cases. Two thirds (66.6%) of the patients were treated with carbamazepine, phenytoin and valproic acid and all of them responded well. Spontaneous remission occurred in 62.5% of the patients over 20 years of age and in a further 25% there was a significant decrease in the number of crises.

CONCLUSIONS

In our sample the proportion of patients who presented spontaneous remission was greater than in that reported in previous studies. As in other series, we found positive responses to antiepileptic drugs other than carbamazepine.