Alcohol use disorder in adolescents.

Alcohol use and abuse by children and adolescents remains a critical problem for modern developed countries. Although tolerance and public policy for alcohol use varies among Western countries, the use of alcohol and other harmful substances is common among adolescents. The use of alcohol can lead to a variety of negative consequences for youth. The risk for alcohol use and abuse, the acquisition of use behaviors, and development into alcohol use disorders and interventions for such problems should be considered in a comprehensive manner that considers neurobiology, development, and the adolescent's environmental ecology. Although the nature and extent of the alcohol problems between countries may vary, approaches to assessment and treatment from the United States may be useful to clinicians in other countries. This paper presents essential background information for the clinician in order to understand the presentation, risk, prevention and treatment of adolescents with alcohol use problems.