Hospitalization for primary varicella-zoster virus infection and its complications in patients from Southern Israel.

BACKGROUND

We conducted this study to determine the impact of chickenpox on two different ethnic populations in southern Israel: Jews and Bedouins.

METHODS

Hospital records of 113 patients discharged from the Soroka Medical Center with the diagnosis of varicella during a 4.5-year period were reviewed.

RESULTS

Mean age was 9.2 years and the average hospital stay was 5.4 days. Bacterial skin or soft tissue infections were the most common complications (30%), followed by pneumonia (17%) and central nervous system complications (11.5%). There were no fatal cases throughout the study period. The calculated hospitalization rate for varicella was one in every 319 cases. Major differences between Jews and Bedouins included an older mean age of Bedouin patients (13.9 years versus 4.5 years); higher hospitalization rate (relative risk [R.R.]: 2.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.9-4.2), and higher risk for complicated varicella (R.R.: 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-3.4).

CONCLUSION

Hospitalization of patients with varicella in southern Israel is common and varicella infection in Bedouins is associated with greater morbidity compared with that in Jews in southern Israel.