Development and clinical application of component-resolved diagnostic using light-initiated chemiluminescence assay to characterize house dust mite components-specific IgE.

OBJECTIVE

Developed a rapid, sensitive, and homogeneous immunoassay to characterize specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) against House Dust Mite (HDM) components.

METHODS

Initially, the reaction conditions were optimized, and the levels of sIgE to the major HDM components -Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23- were measured using the Light-initiated Chemiluminescence Assay (LiCA) assay. The performance of this assay was evaluated in accordance with established clinical guidelines. Subsequently, the sIgE reactivities to these components were analyzed among 90 children with various allergic diseases.

RESULTS

We established an assay for HDM component sIgE using LiCA technology. The coefficient of variation for repeatability ranged from 2.64 % to 9.36 %, while the intermediate precision varied from 5.77 % to 9.89 %. Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) indicated that Der p 2 was the most frequently recognized component (75.56 %), followed by Der p 1 at 64.44 %. The highest co-sensitization rate was observed for Der p 1 and Der p 2 (35.56 %). Der p 23 sIgE levels were significantly elevated in patients with asthma (P < 0.001). Additionally, a greater complexity in allergic symptoms was associated with an increased positive rate of Der p 23 (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSION

The HDM assay developed here is the first attempt to characterize HDM components sIgE by LiCA. This method is easy to operate, faster and has high detection accuracy. Der p 2 was most frequently recognized among the HDM components. Furthermore, our findings indicate a significant correlation between the complexity of allergic symptoms and elevated levels of Der p 23 sIgE.