Intermittent Explosive Disorder and aversive parental care.

Parental bonding has been shown to have lasting impacts on the psychological development of children. Despite a growing body of research examining trauma as it relates to Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED), no prior research has examined the relationship between parental bonding and IED. Six hundred fifty eight subjects were studied and categorized into one of three groups: Normal Control (no history of current or lifetime Axis I or Axis II disorder), Psychiatric Control (current and/or lifetime Axis I and/or Axis II disorders without IED), and IED (met current and/or lifetime criteria for IED). Self-reported parental care was assessed using the Parental Bonding Inventory (PBI). PBI Care scores were lowest among IED subjects, which were lower than among Psychiatric Control subjects, which were lower than among Normal Control subjects. PBI Control scores were highest among IED and Psychiatric Control subjects, which were higher than among Normal Control subjects. The diagnostic group differences in PBI Care/PBI Control scores were not impacted by the number of Axis I/II diagnoses. The findings in this study expand the link between childhood trauma exposure, violent behavior, and IED. This is the first report of an association of IED with an aversive childhood parenting environment.