Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026
FMRI Approaches to Mapping Cerebrovascular Reactivity: Comparison of Gradient Echo BOLD and Spin Echo BOLD With Arterial Spin Labeling.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Pomante Sara, Di Censo Davide, Caporale Alessandra, Fasano Fabrizio, Zacà Domenico, Fear Elizabeth Jane, Graziano Francesca, Carriero Manuela, Chalet Lucie Renee Raymonde, Biondetti Emma, Caligiuri Maria Eugenia, Germuska Michael, Wise Richard Geoffrey, Chiarelli Antonio Maria
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To compare markers of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measured with Gradient Echo (GE, T2*w) and Spin-Echo (SE, T2w) BOLD fMRI with quantitative physiological CVR measured using ASL.
METHODS: CVR, the ability of blood vessels to dilate and increase cerebral blood flow (CBF), can be investigated with ASL fMRI but has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). GE-BOLD provides semi-quantitative CVR assessment, has high SNR but is influenced by baseline deoxyhemoglobin and the macrovascular venous compartment. SE-BOLD is selectively more sensitive to microvasculature, mitigating contamination from larger vessels. We developed a pCASL GE-BOLD/SE-BOLD MRI sequence and collected all three fMRI modalities in 20 healthy subjects during a hypercapnic breath-holding task.
RESULTS: CVRs in GM were CVRASL = 5.3%/mmHg ± 1.8%/mmHg (mean ± SD), CVRGE-BOLD = 0.18% BOLD/mmHg ± 0.05% BOLD/mmHg, and CVRSE-BOLD = 0.09% BOLD/mmHg ± 0.03% BOLD/mmHg. The ground truth of physiological CVR was represented by the ASL measurements with higher SNR (CVRASL). CVRGE-BOLD and CVRSE-BOLD correlated across subjects with CVRASL in GM, with SE showing a stronger correlation (CVRBOLD vs. CVRASL:r = 0.54, p < 0.05 for GE-BOLD and r = 0.70, p < 10-3 for SE-BOLD). Region of interest (ROI) analysis based on previously reported macrovascular venous density maps derived from SWI showed that the lower correlation for GE-BOLD was driven by GM ROIs with high venous density. Similar results were observed for spatial correlations (across regions) of group average maps of CVR (CVRBOLD vs. CVRASL:r = 0.44 for GE-BOLD and r = 0.58 for SE-BOLD, p's < 10-3).
CONCLUSIONS: BOLD fMRI provides a semi-quantitative CVR assessment. Using SE-BOLD may be advisable, as it approximates physiological CVR more closely than GE-BOLD due to reduced sensitivity to larger veins while maintaining a similar group-level sensitivity.
METHODS: CVR, the ability of blood vessels to dilate and increase cerebral blood flow (CBF), can be investigated with ASL fMRI but has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). GE-BOLD provides semi-quantitative CVR assessment, has high SNR but is influenced by baseline deoxyhemoglobin and the macrovascular venous compartment. SE-BOLD is selectively more sensitive to microvasculature, mitigating contamination from larger vessels. We developed a pCASL GE-BOLD/SE-BOLD MRI sequence and collected all three fMRI modalities in 20 healthy subjects during a hypercapnic breath-holding task.
RESULTS: CVRs in GM were CVRASL = 5.3%/mmHg ± 1.8%/mmHg (mean ± SD), CVRGE-BOLD = 0.18% BOLD/mmHg ± 0.05% BOLD/mmHg, and CVRSE-BOLD = 0.09% BOLD/mmHg ± 0.03% BOLD/mmHg. The ground truth of physiological CVR was represented by the ASL measurements with higher SNR (CVRASL). CVRGE-BOLD and CVRSE-BOLD correlated across subjects with CVRASL in GM, with SE showing a stronger correlation (CVRBOLD vs. CVRASL:r = 0.54, p < 0.05 for GE-BOLD and r = 0.70, p < 10-3 for SE-BOLD). Region of interest (ROI) analysis based on previously reported macrovascular venous density maps derived from SWI showed that the lower correlation for GE-BOLD was driven by GM ROIs with high venous density. Similar results were observed for spatial correlations (across regions) of group average maps of CVR (CVRBOLD vs. CVRASL:r = 0.44 for GE-BOLD and r = 0.58 for SE-BOLD, p's < 10-3).
CONCLUSIONS: BOLD fMRI provides a semi-quantitative CVR assessment. Using SE-BOLD may be advisable, as it approximates physiological CVR more closely than GE-BOLD due to reduced sensitivity to larger veins while maintaining a similar group-level sensitivity.