Beyond energy: Expanding metabolic considerations in cognitive modeling.

Integrating metabolism into cognitive science is essential. Beyond a mere constraint, metabolism may be constitutive of cognition itself. This requires expanding metabolism beyond neuronal energy use to include glial contributions, compartmentalized and dynamic processes, and broader brain-body interactions (e.g., interoception). Capturing this complexity will require more refined, integrative models, potentially leveraging artificial intelligence to unify multiscale biological data.