"Triple infections" (fungal, bacterial and viral) in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients.

In a period of 5 years, 8 out of 77 renal transplant patients showed simultaneous fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Candida albicans was found in all cases. The most severe bacterial complications were infections with Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus. Cytomegalovirus, persistent HBsAg positive hepatitis, herpes zoster, and herpes simplex infections were also found. Seven patients died of bacterial superinfection and miliary tuberculosis. The data presented show that "triple infections" are associated with high mortality and that miliary tuberculosis occurred frequently in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients.