Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis · 2026
A cross-sectional study to evaluate the frequency of red cell auto/allo immunization in pediatric patients.
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Malhotra Sheetal, Jain Ashish, Peyam Srinivasan, Malik Muneer Abbas, Mahajan Sachin, Sharma Ratti Ram
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Red cell alloimmunization is a well-recognized entity which has implications on compatibility testing, post transfusion hemoglobin rise and adverse transfusion reactions. We present a study to evaluate the frequency and specificity of autoimmunization and alloimmunization against major and minor red cell antigens in pediatric age group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective, cross sectional observational study involved data collection from 18,292 blood requisition forms received by the department of Transfusion Medicine. All the pediatric requisitions (≤ to 18 years), other than thalassemia and SCD were analyzed. Detailed immunohematological work up was performed on the blood sample of the patient routinely received with each form.
RESULTS: Auto/Alloimmunization was found in 164/18292 patients (0.89%). Auto antibodies were seen in 49 patients; alloantibodies were present in 33 patients and 2 patients had both auto and allo antibodies. 38 neonates presented with maternal history of alloimmunization (1.26%). The rate of auto antibody positivity was 0.27% and alloimmunization was seen in 0.4%. DAT positivity (without auto or alloantibody) was seen in 42 samples (0.23%). The maximum alloantibodies were against MNS system antigens (10/22) followed by Rh system antigens (6/22).
CONCLUSION: The rate of red cell alloimmunization in pediatric patients who are not on regular lifelong transfusions was found to be much less compared to adult population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective, cross sectional observational study involved data collection from 18,292 blood requisition forms received by the department of Transfusion Medicine. All the pediatric requisitions (≤ to 18 years), other than thalassemia and SCD were analyzed. Detailed immunohematological work up was performed on the blood sample of the patient routinely received with each form.
RESULTS: Auto/Alloimmunization was found in 164/18292 patients (0.89%). Auto antibodies were seen in 49 patients; alloantibodies were present in 33 patients and 2 patients had both auto and allo antibodies. 38 neonates presented with maternal history of alloimmunization (1.26%). The rate of auto antibody positivity was 0.27% and alloimmunization was seen in 0.4%. DAT positivity (without auto or alloantibody) was seen in 42 samples (0.23%). The maximum alloantibodies were against MNS system antigens (10/22) followed by Rh system antigens (6/22).
CONCLUSION: The rate of red cell alloimmunization in pediatric patients who are not on regular lifelong transfusions was found to be much less compared to adult population.