Magnetic resonance imaging of pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension is a rare but serious disease in children with potentially poor prognosis in the long term. Direct measurement of increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation requires right-heart catheterisation. Echocardiography is the imaging modality commonly used for suggesting the presence of pulmonary hypertension and estimating its severity. Recognition of structural and haemodynamic signs of increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pressure overload of the right ventricle at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may contribute to the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension and management of these patients. In this article, the structural, functional, and haemodynamic cardiovascular MR findings of paediatric pulmonary hypertension are reviewed. Typical diagnostic MR scenarios in children with suspected pulmonary hypertension or in children with disease associated with pulmonary hypertension are presented and discussed.