Journal of affective disorders · 2026
The impact of accelerated 40 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation on sleep in patients with major depressive disorder: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Zhang Ziyao, Liu Zhiwang, Ji Yanping, Xu Yongming, Zheng Chao, Xu Miaomiao, Wang Yubo, Ye Xuejie, Zhang Yuanyuan, Zhang Jiaying, Li Yanni, Zhang Zile, Zhou Dongsheng, Yu Haihang, Li Xingxing, Yu Chang
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are prevalent in major depressive disorder (MDD) and are associated with poor clinical outcomes and increased relapse risk. Current treatments often fail to adequately address comorbid sleep problems. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at gamma frequency showed potential for modulating neural oscillations relevant to mood and sleep, but evidence in patients with MDD who have sleep disturbances remains limited.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an accelerated 40 Hz γ-tACS protocol targeting the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on sleep in patients with MDD.
METHODS: In this secondary analysis, 36 participants in the active group and 34 in the sham group finished the intervention. Both groups received twice-daily stimulation for 2 weeks. The primary outcome was the total score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the seven component scores.
RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the active tACS group showed a significant reduction in PSQI total score from baseline to Week 2. Significant reductions were observed in several PSQI component scores, including subjective sleep quality, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, sleep medication use, and daytime dysfunction. In addition, insomnia factor scores extracted from the 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) showed greater reductions in the active group.
CONCLUSIONS: The twice-daily 40 Hz γ-tACS protocol was well-tolerated and associated with significant improvements in sleep quality in patients with MDD. Considering its efficacy and shortened treatment schedule, accelerated γ-tACS may serve as a promising and efficient intervention for sleep disturbances in patients with MDD.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an accelerated 40 Hz γ-tACS protocol targeting the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on sleep in patients with MDD.
METHODS: In this secondary analysis, 36 participants in the active group and 34 in the sham group finished the intervention. Both groups received twice-daily stimulation for 2 weeks. The primary outcome was the total score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the seven component scores.
RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the active tACS group showed a significant reduction in PSQI total score from baseline to Week 2. Significant reductions were observed in several PSQI component scores, including subjective sleep quality, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, sleep medication use, and daytime dysfunction. In addition, insomnia factor scores extracted from the 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) showed greater reductions in the active group.
CONCLUSIONS: The twice-daily 40 Hz γ-tACS protocol was well-tolerated and associated with significant improvements in sleep quality in patients with MDD. Considering its efficacy and shortened treatment schedule, accelerated γ-tACS may serve as a promising and efficient intervention for sleep disturbances in patients with MDD.