[Measles and rubella].

Measles is an acute disease characterized by fever, cough, conjunctivitis, erythematous maculopapular rash and pathognomonic enanthem. Vaccination had resulted in decrease of complications and mortality. But vaccination coverage in France is low, about 80%: the virus is always circulating and outbreaks in teenagers are possible. The recommendation of a booster dose at age eleven will contribute to reduce the incidence of the disease. Rubella is asymptomatic in 30 to 50% of infected children. There is a risk of transmission to pregnant women with negative serology. Reduction of virus circulation and immunization of young girls will result in decrease of the congenital rubella syndrome (65 cases/year in France). A vaccine booster dose at eleven in all children, combined with measles immunization, is necessary.