The Laryngoscope · 2025
Impact of Socioeconomic Status and Family Language on Implanted Children's Communication Mode.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Young Nancy M, Thomas Denise, Tournis Elizabeth, Hoff Stephen R, Xu Emily Shimeng
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Examination of the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) and family language on communication mode after cochlear implant (CI).
DATA SOURCES: Data on 176 children implanted at < 37 months were obtained from medical records including insurance type as a representation of SES, family language (English-only/Spanish-bilingual/Spanish requiring interpreter), habilitation (Oral only/Includes sign), age at CI(s), bilateral or unilateral CI, open-set speech perception (Yes/No).
METHODS: Communication mode (Oral only/Includes sign) was the outcome of interest. Mean age at first CI = 20.8 months (6.7-36.8); mean follow-up = 5.8 years (1.1-10.4). Inferential statistical analyses, including regression analysis, were performed.
RESULTS: Oral-only communication was obtained in 84.9% of commercially insured compared to 33.7% of Medicaid-eligible children (p ≤ 0.001). Higher SES (commercially insured) with English-only parents more likely used oral-only communication than the other parental language groups (90.3% vs. 75.0% and 33.3%; p ≤ 0.001). All parental language groups of Medicaid-funded children had low rates of oral-only communication. SES accounted for most variance in whether oral-only communication was achieved, followed by open-set speech perception and age of first implant. Together, these accounted for 44% of variance (R 2 = 0.439). Parental language did not significantly contribute to the prediction of oral-only communication mode.
CONCLUSION: SES is a major contributing factor to spoken language outcomes in children receiving CIs through age 3 years. Children from bilingual Spanish-English or Spanish-only speaking families are less likely to use only spoken language than those from English-only families, but this difference appears to be influenced by lower SES and older age of implantation and not necessarily by exposure to other languages.
DATA SOURCES: Data on 176 children implanted at < 37 months were obtained from medical records including insurance type as a representation of SES, family language (English-only/Spanish-bilingual/Spanish requiring interpreter), habilitation (Oral only/Includes sign), age at CI(s), bilateral or unilateral CI, open-set speech perception (Yes/No).
METHODS: Communication mode (Oral only/Includes sign) was the outcome of interest. Mean age at first CI = 20.8 months (6.7-36.8); mean follow-up = 5.8 years (1.1-10.4). Inferential statistical analyses, including regression analysis, were performed.
RESULTS: Oral-only communication was obtained in 84.9% of commercially insured compared to 33.7% of Medicaid-eligible children (p ≤ 0.001). Higher SES (commercially insured) with English-only parents more likely used oral-only communication than the other parental language groups (90.3% vs. 75.0% and 33.3%; p ≤ 0.001). All parental language groups of Medicaid-funded children had low rates of oral-only communication. SES accounted for most variance in whether oral-only communication was achieved, followed by open-set speech perception and age of first implant. Together, these accounted for 44% of variance (R 2 = 0.439). Parental language did not significantly contribute to the prediction of oral-only communication mode.
CONCLUSION: SES is a major contributing factor to spoken language outcomes in children receiving CIs through age 3 years. Children from bilingual Spanish-English or Spanish-only speaking families are less likely to use only spoken language than those from English-only families, but this difference appears to be influenced by lower SES and older age of implantation and not necessarily by exposure to other languages.