Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025
Affective Responsivity and Cardiovascular Stress Reactivity in Depression.
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Darling Ashley M, Dominguez Cynthia M, Mogle Jacqueline, Fadel Paul J, Saunders Erika F H, Almeida David M, Greaney Jody L
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Profound stress system dysfunction is a hallmark pathological feature of major depressive disorder (MDD), including altered affective dynamics in response to stress. However, no studies have directly assessed the link between negative affective responsivity (NA-R) to daily stressors and sympathetic-cardiovascular stress reactivity in young adults with MDD. We tested the hypotheses that (1) greater NA-R to daily stressors would be positively related to the magnitude of acute stress-induced sympathetic-cardiovascular reactivity in young adults (18-30 years) and (2) the slope of these relations would be steeper in young adults with MDD (unmedicated) compared with nondepressed healthy adults.
METHODS: Daily stress processes and affective dynamics were assessed during routine everyday life for 8 consecutive days in 42 nondepressed healthy adults and 39 adults with MDD (daily diary). On the last day of the daily assessments, heart rate (ECG), beat-to-beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (peroneal microneurography) were measured during the cold pressor test, a standard laboratory stressor.
RESULTS: NA-R to daily stressors was amplified in MDD adults (P=0.01). Greater NA-R was related to larger acute stress-induced increases in heart rate only in MDD adults (b=48.61 [95% CI, 22.48-74.74]) but not in nondepressed healthy adults (b=-6.81 [95% CI, -41.95 to 28.33]). NA-R to daily stressors was not related to blood pressure or muscle sympathetic nerve activity reactivity in either group (all P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the association between NA-R to daily stressors and cardiovascular reactivity to stress is sensitized in young adults with MDD, potentially contributing to future cardiovascular disease risk.
METHODS: Daily stress processes and affective dynamics were assessed during routine everyday life for 8 consecutive days in 42 nondepressed healthy adults and 39 adults with MDD (daily diary). On the last day of the daily assessments, heart rate (ECG), beat-to-beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (peroneal microneurography) were measured during the cold pressor test, a standard laboratory stressor.
RESULTS: NA-R to daily stressors was amplified in MDD adults (P=0.01). Greater NA-R was related to larger acute stress-induced increases in heart rate only in MDD adults (b=48.61 [95% CI, 22.48-74.74]) but not in nondepressed healthy adults (b=-6.81 [95% CI, -41.95 to 28.33]). NA-R to daily stressors was not related to blood pressure or muscle sympathetic nerve activity reactivity in either group (all P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the association between NA-R to daily stressors and cardiovascular reactivity to stress is sensitized in young adults with MDD, potentially contributing to future cardiovascular disease risk.