Type II collagen-induced otospongiosis-like lesions in rats.

Otospongiosis-like lesions were induced in rats by immunizing them with type II collagen. After seven months' immunization, the rats were killed and processed for histologic study. We found otospongiotic lesions in the bony cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canal, and in the regions near the oval window and round window. The spongiotic lesions in the otic capsules were similar to human otospongiosis and were characterized by the following types of microscopic appearances. 1) The classic type showed enlarged vascular spaces with congestion, macrophages, fibroblasts, and sometimes osteoclasts. 2) The fibrotic type showed vascular spaces filled with fibrous tissues. 3) The osteoporotic type had a porous appearance and was devoid of content. 4) The sclerotic type showed bone spaces partially or entirely being replaced by new bone with blue mantles and a mosaic appearance. Some spongiotic lesions showed a mixture of the above types. The findings suggest that this animal model may provide important information to help understand the process of human otosclerosis.