[Documents on the origins of myopia. 2. The genetic factor in the origin of myopia (author's transl)].

The study reported confirms that the inheritance of myopia may be autosomal-dominant as well as autosomal recessive. The recessive type starts earlier and is more serious in its course. The genes which determine myopia were found to be of low expressivity and penetrance, with some modifying factors which influence its origin. The length of the ocular axis, refractive power of the cornea, general refraction and refractive power of the lens are, in the order stated, consecutively less heritable. No genetically determined parameters of dynbamic refraction were found. The genetic factor is much more active in hypermetropia than in myopia.