[Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in children (author's transl)].

The role of antidiuretic hormone in maintaining normal water balance is review. The diagnosis of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone is done when a patient presents hyponatremia with no evidence of volume depletion, urine osmolality that is inappropriately high for serum tonicity, and absence of intrinsic renal or adrenal disease. Among the various possible etiology, the most frequent corresponds to disorders of the central nervous system, particularly bacterial meningitis. The various methods of treatment, fluid restriction, Hantman method and lithium salts are discussed.