[Recent changes in emergency room visits and hospitalization for asthma in childhood].

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to investigate recent changes in the emergency room visits and hospital admission rates between 1993 and 1997 in our hospital.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

From January 1, 1993 until December 31, 1997, the 12,848 patients between 0 and 14 years of age whose discharge diagnosis was coded as asthma (ICD9) and who were managed in the emergency room of our hospital were included in the study.

RESULTS

During the study period, the number of emergency room visits for asthma (EA) remained unchanged. However, in children between 0 and 5 years of age the number of EA showed a significant increase from 1305 in 1993 (53.5% of all EA) to 1849 in 1997 (68.9% of EA), with an increase of the repeat visits in this age group from 46 (35.8% of all EA in this age group) in 1993 to 791 (42.8%) in 1997 (p < 0.01). In the same period of time, the admission rates for asthma decrease from 7.2% to 2.9% (p < 0.01). There was a trend towards more intense treatment of asthma in the emergency observation unit.

CONCLUSIONS

There has been an upward trend in the number of acute asthma episodes between 1993 and 1997 in children between 0 and 5 years of age. It was associated with an increase in the number of repeat visits per patient. The use of a more intense treatment in the emergency observation unit was associated with a reduction in the hospitalization rate for asthma.