Treatment of endolymphatic hydrops with cochleosacculotomy. Clinical results and experimental findings.

Cochleosacculotomy was performed on 25 patients with Meniere's syndrome. Long-term relief of vertigo was obtained in 19 out of 23 (82%). Postoperatively dead ears occurred in three cases. The same operation was performed on 12 guinea pigs in which hydrops had been surgically induced by blockage of the endolymphatic duct and sac. All fistulas were healed and cochleosacculotomy did not decrease or prevent the induced endolymphatic hydrops in these animals. Although histologic confirmation of persistent fistulas in human ears is lacking, the relief of vertigo in patients may not be caused by "drainage" but, rather, by a nonspecific effect on the inner ear. Cochleosacculotomy gives results comparable with other nondestructive surgical procedures performed to suppress vertigo in Meniere's syndrome.