[Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Carcinoma Associated with Anal Fistula].

The patient was a 59-year-old man. He was admitted to our hospital because of increasing anal pain with induration of the perianal region. There were large secondary orifices with mucous discharge on the left side of the perineal resion and buttock. We diagnosed adenocarcinoma on analysis of a biopsy specimen from induration of the perianal region. Pelvic CT and MRI showed that the tumor spreaded within the pelvis, with invasion of the prostate and sacrum. We performed neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy preoperatively. After chemoradiotherapy, the tumor reduced in size greatly. We performed abdominoperineal resection and massive resection of skin of the perianal region. The defect of the pelvic floor and perianal skin was repaired using skin flap. The surgical margin was tumor free. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was considered effective for locally advanced carcinoma associated with anal fistula.