PloS one · 2025
Incidence of dry eye symptoms and behavioural-cultural risk factors among university students population in Jordan.
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Bakkar May M, Aridi Mona, Alebrahim Mohammad A, Ghach Wissam
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence of dry eye (DE) symptoms among university students in Jordan and to examine the relationship between behavioral and cultural risk factors and DE symptom severity.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 788 university students was conducted in Jordan. Participants' mean age was 21.87 years (SD = 3.824; range: 18-45 years). The incidence and severity of DE symptom were assessed using the validated Arabic version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (ARB-OSDI) questionnaire, administered through Google Forms. The survey included demographic questions and behavioral-cultural risk factors (smoking and eye cosmetic use). One-Way ANOVA and multi-regression analyses were used to investigate the association between OSDI mean scores and behavioral-cultural risk factors.
RESULTS: The incidence of DE symptoms, defined as an OSDI score ≥ 13, was 74.2% among university students. Higher DE symptom severity was statistically associated with females' gender (p < 0.001), older age (≥27 years) (p = 0.032), contact lens use (p = 0.001), frequent use of eye cosmetics (p < 0.001), and a history of DED (p < 0.001). Smoking habits, including the use of Dokha or Ajami, smoking in enclosed spaces, and daily smoking, were also associated with increased DE symptom severity (all p < 0.001). Contributing factors to the high incidence and severity of DE symptom included long-term use of eye cosmetics (particularly mascara and internal eyeliner) and sleeping while wearing contact lenses.
CONCLUSION: Dry eye symptoms are highly prevalent among university students in Jordan and are significantly associated with factors such as age, gender, contact lens use, cosmetic application, and tobacco consumption.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 788 university students was conducted in Jordan. Participants' mean age was 21.87 years (SD = 3.824; range: 18-45 years). The incidence and severity of DE symptom were assessed using the validated Arabic version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (ARB-OSDI) questionnaire, administered through Google Forms. The survey included demographic questions and behavioral-cultural risk factors (smoking and eye cosmetic use). One-Way ANOVA and multi-regression analyses were used to investigate the association between OSDI mean scores and behavioral-cultural risk factors.
RESULTS: The incidence of DE symptoms, defined as an OSDI score ≥ 13, was 74.2% among university students. Higher DE symptom severity was statistically associated with females' gender (p < 0.001), older age (≥27 years) (p = 0.032), contact lens use (p = 0.001), frequent use of eye cosmetics (p < 0.001), and a history of DED (p < 0.001). Smoking habits, including the use of Dokha or Ajami, smoking in enclosed spaces, and daily smoking, were also associated with increased DE symptom severity (all p < 0.001). Contributing factors to the high incidence and severity of DE symptom included long-term use of eye cosmetics (particularly mascara and internal eyeliner) and sleeping while wearing contact lenses.
CONCLUSION: Dry eye symptoms are highly prevalent among university students in Jordan and are significantly associated with factors such as age, gender, contact lens use, cosmetic application, and tobacco consumption.