Is small-bowel bacterial overgrowth an underdiagnosed disorder in children with gastrointestinal symptoms?

Small-bowel bacterial overgrowth (SBBO) has been implicated in chronic abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in children. This was a retrospective study that aimed to assess the occurrence of SBBO by the lactulose breath hydrogen test in children referred primarily for investigation of carbohydrate malabsorption (n = 287). There were profiles indicative of SBBO in 16% (39/250) of hydrogen-producing children. This indicated that SBBO may be more common in children with gastrointestinal symptoms and apparent carbohydrate malabsorption than previously recognised.