Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2012
Novel aspects of Kindlin-3 function in humans based on a new case of leukocyte adhesion deficiency III.
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Meller J, Malinin N L, Panigrahi S, Kerr B A, Patil A, Ma Y, Venkateswaran L, Rogozin I B, Mohandas N, Ehlayel M S, Podrez E A, Chinen J, Byzova T V
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Kindlin-3 is a novel integrin activator in hematopoietic cells, and its deficiency leads to immune problems and severe bleeding, known as leukocyte adhesion deficiency III (LAD-III). Our current understanding of Kindlin-3 function primarily relies on analysis of animal models or cell lines.
OBJECTIVES: To understand the functions of Kindlin-3 in human primary blood cells.
PATIENTS/METHODS: We analyzed primary and immortalized hematopoietic cells obtained from a new LAD-III patient with immune problems, bleeding, a history of anemia, and abnormally shaped red blood cells.
RESULTS: The patient's white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets showed defects in agonist-induced integrin activation and botrocetin-induced platelet agglutination. Primary leukocytes from this patient exhibited abnormal activation of β(1) integrin. Integrin activation defects were responsible for the observed deficiency in the botrocetin-induced platelet response. Analysis of patient genomic DNA revealed a novel mutation in the Kindlin3 gene. The mutation abolished Kindlin-3 expression in primary WBCs and platelets, owing to abnormal splicing. Kindlin-3 is expressed in red blood cells (RBCs), and its deficiency is proposed to lead to abnormally shaped RBCs. Immortalized patient WBCs expressed a truncated form of Kindlin-3 that was not sufficient to support integrin activation. Expression of Kindlin-3 cDNA in immortalized patient WBCs rescued integrin activation defects, whereas overexpression of the truncated form did not.
CONCLUSIONS: Kindlin-3 deficiency impairs integrin function, including activation of β(1) integrin. Abnormalities in glycoprotein Ib-IX function in Kindlin-3-deficient platelets are secondary to integrin defects. The region of Kindlin-3 encoded by exon 11 is crucial for its ability to activate integrins in humans.
OBJECTIVES: To understand the functions of Kindlin-3 in human primary blood cells.
PATIENTS/METHODS: We analyzed primary and immortalized hematopoietic cells obtained from a new LAD-III patient with immune problems, bleeding, a history of anemia, and abnormally shaped red blood cells.
RESULTS: The patient's white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets showed defects in agonist-induced integrin activation and botrocetin-induced platelet agglutination. Primary leukocytes from this patient exhibited abnormal activation of β(1) integrin. Integrin activation defects were responsible for the observed deficiency in the botrocetin-induced platelet response. Analysis of patient genomic DNA revealed a novel mutation in the Kindlin3 gene. The mutation abolished Kindlin-3 expression in primary WBCs and platelets, owing to abnormal splicing. Kindlin-3 is expressed in red blood cells (RBCs), and its deficiency is proposed to lead to abnormally shaped RBCs. Immortalized patient WBCs expressed a truncated form of Kindlin-3 that was not sufficient to support integrin activation. Expression of Kindlin-3 cDNA in immortalized patient WBCs rescued integrin activation defects, whereas overexpression of the truncated form did not.
CONCLUSIONS: Kindlin-3 deficiency impairs integrin function, including activation of β(1) integrin. Abnormalities in glycoprotein Ib-IX function in Kindlin-3-deficient platelets are secondary to integrin defects. The region of Kindlin-3 encoded by exon 11 is crucial for its ability to activate integrins in humans.