Opioid misuse and mental health in college student populations: A national assessment.

BACKGROUND

Despite growing concern about opioid misuse and mental health of college students, little is known about this population who are at high risk of co-occurrence and unmet needs. This national study aims to estimate the prevalence of opioid misuse, examine correlates with anxiety and depression symptoms, and quantify help-seeking behaviors among U.S. college students.

METHODS

Data come from students in the Healthy Minds Study between 2017 and 2020 (n = 176,191). Validated screening tools assessed mental health symptoms (PHQ-9, GAD-7). Marginal effects of logistic regression models estimate the effect of opioid misuse on mental health symptoms, help-seeking and academic performance.

RESULTS

782 students indicated past month opioid misuse. Student opioid misuse was associated with 24.1 percentage point increase in the probability of screening positive for anxiety/depression (p < 0.001) and 3.6 percentage point increase in the probability of informal help-seeking (p = 0.017). Less than half of students with opioid misuse and a positive depression/anxiety screen received any treatment in the past year.

LIMITATIONS: Limitations to this study include: possible non-response bias, as it is unknown whether students with opioid misuse may be differentially-likely to respond to the survey; differing time frame for opioid misuse and mental health questions; and data was collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

This large, multi-campus study underlines the need for more partnership between substance use and mental health services on campus. It also highlights that college peers could receive training in ways to best help students who misuse opioids, directing them to on- or off-campus care.