[Isolated laryngeal candidiasis. Description of 2 cases and review of the literature].

Infection of the larynx by Candida is rare and usually accompanies lung or disseminated candidiasis. The incidence of isolated laryngeal candidiasis (ILC) is low, although it may be underestimated. We describe 2 patients with ILC confirmed during autopsy: a 45-years-old male with pulmonary fibrosis and a 4-years-old girl with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Hoarseness and dysphagia are the most common symptoms of ILC. The most effective diagnostic technique is laryngoscopy with specimen culture and/or histopathology. Specimens usually show whitish plaques on the larynx. Most ILC patients have some associated disease and/or predisposing factors, with frequent antibiotic treatment prior to the advent of candidiasis. Intravenous amphotericin B provides the most effective therapy, although other antimycotics are also useful. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy curtail the disease and can prevent systemic dissemination.