Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for radial artery graft stenosis after high-flow superficial temporal artery trunk to middle cerebral artery interposition bypass.

Due to its higher patency rate, a radial artery graft (RAG) is used as an interposition graft for internal-external high-flow bypass more frequently than a saphenous vein graft (SAG). Nevertheless, there are still a few cases of RAG stenosis after bypass surgery. Unfortunately, these reports do not elaborate on the treatment for RAG stenosis. Here, we report the first case of severe RAG stenosis after high-flow STAt-RA-MCA bypass, which was successfully treated with PTA. We speculated that RAG stenosis is associated with the over-length and kinking of the intracranial segment of the RAG instead of vasospasm. We elaborated on the surgical procedure and treatment experience in this particular case in detail. According to our experience, PTA is a type of surgical procedure that can be considered for treating RAG stenosis after high-flow bypass. As long as the surgical procedure can be performed well according to the distance between the stenosis and the anastomosis and the characteristics of the RA tissue, PTA is able to achieve satisfactory long-term results.