The antibacterial activity and plant growth-promoting potential of Streptomyces lopnurensis TRM49590 based on whole-genome mining.

The Streptomyces lopnurensis TRM49590, isolated from the sedimentary deposits of Lop Nur, Xinjiang, China, thrives in an extreme environment marked by high salinity and intense radiation. This unique habitat endows it with a high potential for producing novel and bioactive secondary metabolites. This study explored its growth-promoting characteristics and the antimicrobial activity against the plant disease pathogens based on whole-genome mining. The whole-genome annotation revealed an abundance of gene clusters associated with plant growth promotion and environmental adaptation in S. lopnurensis TRM49590. A total of 24 active secondary metabolite Bio-synthetic Gene Clusters (smBGCs) capable of synthesizing known or novel compounds were identified using antiSMASH 8.0 and BAGEL 4. These findings suggest the potential of S. lopnurensis TRM49590 to produce novel secondary metabolites with both antimicrobial and herbicidal activities. Furthermore, S. lopnurensis TRM49590 exhibits capabilities in nitrogen fixation, potassium solubilization, and the secretion of multiple extracellular enzymes, significant inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum ATCC 31083 and Verticillium dahliae ATCC 36211, further substantiating its potential in promoting plant growth and enhancing plant resistance. This study provides the necessary theoretical basis for the development and practical application of S. lopnurensis TRM49590.