Bio-enhancement of Soy Isoflavones (Genistein & Daidzein) Using Bacillus coagulans in Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by Regulating Endocrine Hormones in Rats.

Soy isoflavone (SIF), a natural phytoestrogen, is used in the condition of hormonal imbalance. These isoflavones generally have low solubility resulting in low bioavailability and bioactivity. It is reported that trans-glycosylation by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is widely utilized for increasing the solubility and bioavailability of isoflavones. Present investigation was aimed to study the effect of Bacillus coagulans (a probiotic) in potentiating the bioactivity of soy isoflavones in letrozole-induced PCOS. Initial consideration was focused on proving CGTase assay of B. coagulans. After that, animal study was performed to check the enhancement of bioactivity of SIF along with B. coagulans. A total of 36 rats, separated into six groups (6 rats in each), were used. Group I received vehicles, group II received letrozole (1 mg/kg) for 21 days, and group III animals were administered with soy isoflavones (SIF-100 mg/kg). In the case of group IV, V, and VI, animals received SIF (100 mg/kg) along with B. coagulans 0.65, 3.25, and 6.50 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment was given for 2 weeks after induction of disease. All the animals were sacrificed at the end of the study and endpoint parameters were performed. Present investigation revealed that combination of SIF with B. coagulans showed hormone restoration, reduce oxidative stress, recovery in the menstrual cycle, and improvement in ovarian physiology. SIF (genistein & daidzein) together with B. coagulans exhibits a beneficial role in the enhancement of the bioactivity of soy isoflavones. Further, it showed that a higher dose of B. coagulans (6.50 mg/kg) is more effective in ameliorating the PCOS symptoms.