Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended Outpatients Illness, United States, 2023-2024 Season.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаResearch Support, N.I.H., IntramuralПоддержка службы здравоохранения СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Chung Jessie R, Price Ashley M, Zimmerman Richard K, Moehling Geffel Krissy, House Stacey L, Curley Tara, Wernli Karen J, Phillips C Hallie, Martin Emily T, Vaughn Ivana A, Murugan Vel, Scotch Matthew, Saade Elie A, Faryar Kiran A, Gaglani Manjusha, Ramm Jason D, Williams Olivia L, Walter Emmanuel B, Kirby Marie K, Keong Lisa M, Kondor Rebecca, Ellington Sascha R, Flannery Brendan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The 2023-2024 US influenza season was characterized by a predominance of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulation with cocirculation of A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the United States against mild-to-moderate medically attended influenza illness in the 2023-2024 season.
METHODS: We enrolled outpatients aged ≥8 months with acute respiratory illness in 7 states. Respiratory specimens were tested for influenza type/subtype by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Influenza VE was estimated with a test-negative design comparing odds of testing positive for influenza among vaccinated versus unvaccinated participants. We estimated VE by virus subtype/lineage and A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic subclades.
RESULTS: Among 6629 enrolled patients, 1780 (27%) tested positive for influenza, including 806 with A(H1N1)pdm09, 567 with B/Victoria, and 328 with A(H3N2). VE against any influenza illness was 44% (95% confidence interval, 36%-51%): 29% (15%-41%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 74% (65%-81%) against B/Victoria, and 30% (8%-47%) against A(H3N2). Statistically significant protection against any influenza was found for all age groups except adults aged 50-64 years. Lack of protection in this age group was specific to influenza A-associated illness. We observed differences in VE by birth cohort and A(H1N1)pdm09 virus genetic subclade.
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination reduced outpatient medically attended influenza overall by 44% and provided protection overall against circulating influenza A and B viruses. Serologic studies would help inform differences observed by age groups.
METHODS: We enrolled outpatients aged ≥8 months with acute respiratory illness in 7 states. Respiratory specimens were tested for influenza type/subtype by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Influenza VE was estimated with a test-negative design comparing odds of testing positive for influenza among vaccinated versus unvaccinated participants. We estimated VE by virus subtype/lineage and A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic subclades.
RESULTS: Among 6629 enrolled patients, 1780 (27%) tested positive for influenza, including 806 with A(H1N1)pdm09, 567 with B/Victoria, and 328 with A(H3N2). VE against any influenza illness was 44% (95% confidence interval, 36%-51%): 29% (15%-41%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 74% (65%-81%) against B/Victoria, and 30% (8%-47%) against A(H3N2). Statistically significant protection against any influenza was found for all age groups except adults aged 50-64 years. Lack of protection in this age group was specific to influenza A-associated illness. We observed differences in VE by birth cohort and A(H1N1)pdm09 virus genetic subclade.
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination reduced outpatient medically attended influenza overall by 44% and provided protection overall against circulating influenza A and B viruses. Serologic studies would help inform differences observed by age groups.